Skip to site content
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Alcohol and Substance Abuse Branch (ASAB)

Protective Factors

A mother and toddler daughter on a carousel

Protective factors are elements in a person's life which make it easier to avoid hazard or risk. Protective factors can come from individuals, families, and communities. The following behavioral, social, familial, or environmental factors may help prevent or reduce the likelihood that an individual may use or become dependent on drugs or alcohol:

  • Positive connections to family, friends, or community
  • Self-control
  • High self-esteem
  • Strong coping and problem-solving skills
  • Resistance to negative peer pressure
  • Cultural or religious beliefs that value self-preservation
  • Availability of and access to clinical services and medical treatment
  • Willingness to get treatment