Cardiovascular Benefits of Diabetes Medications

1. Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of mortality and morbidity in people with diabetes.

a) True
b) False

2. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce glucose and sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule of the kidney.

a) True
b) False

3. Glucagon-like peptitde-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists mimics a gut hormone that enhances glucose dependent insulin secretion.

a) True
b) False

4. The following factor(s) associated with diabetes increase risk for cardiovascular events:

a) Inflammation
b) Oxidative Stress
c) Elevated Glucose
d) Insulin Resistance
e) All of the above

5. To manage gastrointestinal side effects of GLP-1 receptor agonist medications a provider may recommend smaller meals, digestive enzymes, or microdosing.

a) True
b) False

6. SGLT2 inhibitors have the following effect(s):

a) Lower intraglomerular pressure
b) Reduce inflammation
c) Reduce oxidative stress
d) Reduce plasma volume and blood pressure
e) All of the above

7. Precautions to using SGLT2 inhibitors include risk of genital mycotic infections, hypotension, and euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis.

a) True
b) False

8. Both SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists have shown a decrease in:

a) Cardiovascular death
b) Heart failure hospitalizations
c) Major adverse cardiovascular events
d) All of the above

9. SGLT2 inhibitors should have a dose adjustment with reduced renal function (GFR levels ~20-30).

a) True
b) False